Date:
Monday, February 9, 2015, 12:00pm to 2:00pm
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12:00pm to 2:00pm
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K354
Presentations given by Pamela Ban, Jim Snyder, and Andrew Hall
First, Pamela Ban will conduct a brainstorming session for her paper (joint
with Andrew Hall and Jim Snyder) \'How Newspapers Reveal Political Power,\'
with Becca Goldstein as discussant.
Second, Raphael Bruce will present his paper \'Mandatory Voting and Political
Interest in Brazil,\' with Prof. Thomas Fujiwara as discussant.
*Abstract for \'How Newspapers Reveal Political Power\'*
Power is difficult to measure. We propose using press coverage -- the
relative amount of space devoted to different political actors -- to measure
the relative power of these actors. The logic is straightforward. Newspapers
will cover an actor or group more if that actor has more power. Actors or
collective groups with more power generate newsworthy events when they try to
exercise their power, when they send signals that they might exercise their
power, or even when they simply meet to discuss the use of their power. We
first check whether the general idea \'works\' for cases where power can be
measured in alternative ways as well, studying the relative press coverage of
different congressional committees, the relative coverage of mayors when they
lose power after their cities adopt the council-manager form of government,
and the relative coverage of congressional leaders vs. rank-and-file. Our
goal is to apply the idea to measure power in a \'difficult\' case -- state and
local political party organizations. We generate scores for each state and
year, and aim to examine the correlations between the scores and
institutional features of the political system that scholars argue should
affect party strength -- e.g. secret ballot laws, direct primary elections,
and civil service reforms.
*Abstract for \'Mandatory Voting and Political Interest in Brazil\'*
This paper presents empirical evidence on the effects of mandatory voting
laws on political interest and media consumption. In Brazil, the law
determines that every literate citizen over the age of eighteen at the day of
the election is subject to an abstention cost. This provides us a natural
experiment which allows us to identify the causal effect of mandatory voting
on outcomes related to the level of political interest and information
acquisition. Using national survey data on the consumption of media we find
that the mandatory voting law has a significant positive impact on the
interest on obtaining news about the government, and that this increase is
driven mostly by the interest in obtaining information on local politics. We
also find that the compulsory voting law shifts voters opinion about the
incumbent party at the federal government towards a more favorable one.
General media consumption is not affected but, for specific media outlets
owned by the federal government, a causal impact is found.
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[1] webcal://www.iq.harvard.edu/calendar/export.ics/279041
[2] http://www.iq.harvard.edu/calendar/export.ics/279041